Power Pins
- 5V → Provides a 5 V voltage and 0.5 A current output capacity via a DC-DC step-up converter. Output is available when either power input (USB or Li-Po battery) is connected. Can be used to power external modules.
- 3V3 → Provides a 3.3 V voltage and 1 A current output capacity via a DC-DC step-down converter. Output is available when either power input (USB or Li-Po battery) is connected. Can be used to power external modules.
- VBAT → Outputs the voltage (3.3 V – 4.2 V) of the externally connected Li-Po battery. Can be used to power external modules.
- EN → This pin must be held at logic “1” (3.3 V) to enable operation of the ESP32-WROVER-E module. This condition is ensured by an internally placed pull-up resistor. The “RES” button is connected to this pin and is used to reset the system. When the button is pressed, the EN pin is pulled to logic “0” (0 V).
- GND → Common ground line of the circuit for all power and logic connection pins.
Logic Pins (Input/Output Pins)
- D0 – D15 → Used as digital input/output pins. Logic “0” corresponds to 0 V; logic “1” corresponds to 3.3 V. All of these pins can be used as PWM pins. The pins are not 5 V tolerant.
- D8, D9, D10, D11, D12, D13, D14, and D15 pins can also be used as analog input pins and capacitive sensing pins.
Analog Pins
- A0 – A5 → Used as input pins for analog signals in the range of 0 V – 3.3 V. A0 – A3 pins are used only as input pins, while A4 and A5 pins can also be used as digital input/output pins.
- DAC1 – DAC2 → Used to provide analog signal output in the range of 0 V – 3.3 V. These pins can also be used as digital input, digital output, analog input, and PWM pins.
Communication Pins
- TX – RX → Serial communication (UART) pins. Firmware upload and terminal communication are performed through these pins. TX is the output pin and RX is the input pin. Besides UART communication, they can also be used as digital input/output pins. They are also referred to as D2 (TX) and D3 (RX).
- I2C → Any sensor or actuator can be controlled via the SDA and SCL pins. SDA (input/output) is the data line, and SCL (output) is the clock synchronization pin. These pins are held at logic “1” (3.3 V) by 10 kΩ pull-up resistors. Besides I2C communication, they can also be used as digital input/output pins. They are also connected to D10 (SDA) and D11 (SCL) pins.
- SPI → Any sensor or actuator can be controlled via the MOSI, MISO, SCLK, and SS pins. MOSI (output) is the data pin, MISO (input) is the data pin, SCLK (output) is the clock synchronization pin, and SS is the slave select pin. These pins can also be used as digital input/output pins. They are also referred to as SS (D4), SCLK (D5), MISO (D6), and MOSI (D7).
PWM Pins
- PWM0 – PWM1 → Pulse-width modulation (PWM) square-wave output pins. They are also connected to D0 and D1 pins and can be used as digital input/output pins.
- All pins between D0 – D15, as well as A4, A5, DAC1, and DAC2, can also be used as PWM pins.
Camera Pins
- CAMD2 – CAMD9 → Pins through which image data (pixels) are transmitted; used as outputs. They are also connected respectively to D5, D1, D0, D4, D6, DAC2, A3, and A2 pins.
- CAMSD – CAMSC → Serial communication pins; CAMSD is used for bidirectional data transfer, while CAMSC is used as the clock synchronization input pin. They are also connected to A5 (CAMSD) and DAC1 (CAMSC) pins.
- CAMXC → The main clock signal source required for the operation of the camera sensor. Used as an input. It is also connected to the A4 pin and can be used as a digital input/output pin.
- CAMPC → The clock signal derived from the camera sensor for image data. Used as an output. It is also connected to the D7 pin and can be used as a digital input/output pin.
- CAMV → Output pin that indicates the image frame is ready. It is also connected to the A0 pin and can be used only as a digital input.
- CAMH → Output pin that indicates the image pixel is ready. It is also connected to the A1 pin and can be used only as a digital input.
Internal Sensor Pins
- 6-Axis Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) → Includes IMUSD and IMUSC pins. IMUSD is used for bidirectional data transfer, while IMUSC is used as the clock synchronization input pin. These pins are also connected to the common SDA and SCL lines. The I2C address is 0x6A.
- Microphone → Includes MICD and MICC pins. MICD is used for bidirectional data transfer, while MICC is used as the clock synchronization input pin.
Capacitive Sensing Pins
- T0 – T5 → Input pins used for capacitive sensing. They are also connected respectively to A4, A5, D15, D14, D13, and D12 pins and can be used as digital input/output pins. D8, D9, D10, and D11 pins can also be used as capacitive sensing pins.
RGB Pins
- LEDR → Pin to which the internal red LED is connected. It is also connected to the RX line and is used as a status LED during serial port data communication.
- LEDG → Pin to which the internal green LED is connected. It is also connected to the TX line and is used as a status LED during serial port data communication.
- LEDB → Pin to which the internal blue LED is connected. It is also connected to the SDA line and is used as a status LED during I2C data communication.
Button Pin
- GPKEY → Pin to which the general-purpose internal button is connected. It is also used to put the system into manual upload mode. It is held at logic “1” (3.3 V) by a 10 kΩ pull-up resistor. It is also connected to the D8 pin and can be used as a digital input/output pin.
Programming Pins
- EN → This pin must be held at logic “1” (3.3 V) to enable operation of the ESP32-WROVER-E module. This condition is ensured by an internally placed pull-up resistor. The “RES” button is connected to this pin and is used to reset the system. When the button is pressed, the EN pin is pulled to logic “0” (0 V).
- BOOT → Used to put